feat: add testing infrastructure and development tooling (Phase 1)

Add new infrastructure files from feature/unit_tests_and_linting:
- CI/CD pipeline (.github/workflows/ci.yml)
- Pre-commit hooks configuration
- Development documentation and guides
- Docker container for CI testing
- Makefile for task automation
- Python project configuration (pyproject.toml)
- Pytest configuration (conftest.py)
- UV lock file for dependencies
- Refactoring documentation

These files do not exist in PR ChHarding#111 and can be safely added.

Part of integration effort to merge PR ChHarding#111 with feature/unit_tests_and_linting.
Tracked in merging_plan.md.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

Co-Authored-By: Claude <[email protected]>

Author: nirabo

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+name: CI
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ main, master, feature/** ]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ main, master ]
+
+jobs:
+  lint-and-test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Set up Python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        with:
+          python-version: '3.12'
+
+      - name: Install GDAL system dependencies
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y gdal-bin libgdal-dev
+
+      - name: Get GDAL version
+        id: gdal-version
+        run: |
+          GDAL_VERSION=$(gdal-config --version)
+          echo "GDAL version: $GDAL_VERSION"
+          echo "version=$GDAL_VERSION" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+      - name: Install Python dependencies
+        env:
+          GDAL_VERSION: ${{ steps.gdal-version.outputs.version }}
+        run: |
+          python -m pip install --upgrade pip
+          # Install build dependencies first (numpy<2 needed for GDAL compatibility)
+          pip install setuptools wheel "numpy<2"
+          # Install GDAL Python bindings with --no-build-isolation
+          # This allows GDAL to see the numpy we just installed
+          pip install --no-build-isolation --no-cache-dir GDAL==$GDAL_VERSION
+          # Install all other dependencies (excluding GDAL and numpy from requirements.txt)
+          grep -v -e "^gdal" -e "^numpy" requirements.txt > requirements_no_gdal_numpy.txt
+          pip install -r requirements_no_gdal_numpy.txt
+          # Install test/dev dependencies
+          pip install pytest pytest-cov ruff
+
+      - name: Verify GDAL installation
+        run: |
+          python -c "from osgeo import gdal; print(f'GDAL version: {gdal.__version__}')"
+          python -c "from osgeo import gdal_array; print('GDAL array support: OK')"
+
+      - name: Run ruff (lint)
+        run: |
+          ruff check . --exit-zero
+
+      - name: Run tests
+        run: |
+          pytest -q -m "not earth_engine and not slow"

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+repos:
+  - repo: https://github.com/pycqa/isort
+    rev: 6.1.0
+    hooks:
+      - id: isort
+        args: ["--profile", "black", "--line-length", "88"]
+
+  - repo: https://github.com/psf/black
+    rev: 25.9.0
+    hooks:
+      - id: black
+
+  - repo: https://github.com/charliermarsh/ruff-pre-commit
+    rev: v0.14.0
+    hooks:
+      - id: ruff
+        args: ["--fix"]
+
+  - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
+    rev: v6.0.0
+    hooks:
+      - id: end-of-file-fixer
+      - id: trailing-whitespace